Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, CVO OBE (15 February 1874 - 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish explorer. Born in Kilkea, Ireland, Shackleton embarked on four Antarctic expeditions and was knighted for travelling the furthest south of any contemporary human on his voyage aboard Nimrod. He was also an unsuccessful candidate for the Parliament of the United Kingdom and was involved in business ventures aimed at raising revenue for his polar explorations.

Shackleton is most noteworthy for leading the unsuccessful Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, colloquially known as the "Endurance Expedition" or "Shackleton's Voyage", between 1914 and 1916. Although Shackleton failed to achieve his goal of crossing the Antarctic continent on foot, he demonstrated the leadership for which he is now known when the ship Endurance became trapped in the ice and was destroyed. Shackleton, known by his contemporaries as "the Boss", led his men to refuge on Elephant Island before heading across 1,287 kilometres (800 mi) of the open Antarctic Ocean to South Georgia Island with five other men. Upon reaching the remote island, Shackleton crossed severe, mountainous terrain to reach a whaling station from where he was able to muster a ship, eventually to rescue his men on Elephant Island. All the men on Endurancee survived their ordeal after spending 22 months in the Antarctic, although three men of the Ross Sea Party lost their lives.

 
Shackleton was a key figure in the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration alongside Roald Amundsen, Douglas Mawson, and Robert Falcon Scott, each of whom is famed for exploits that captured the public imagination. In recent times, he has become known for his leadership skills, and is the topic of many books and films that focus on the explorer's ability to lead men through challenging conditions.